Clinical Research Directory

* Inclusion criteria of participants were as belows: * Age \> 18 years * Systemically healthy and non-smoker * Full-mouth plaque index and full-mouth gingival index score\< 20% * No mucogingival surgery experience at operation area * No active periodontal disease * Patients who have not received orthodontic treatment Exclusion criteria of participants were as belows: * Pregnancy and lactation * Bruxism or occlusal trauma * Medical contradictions and for periodontal plastic surgery (i.e. mental disorders) * Medication intake Inclusion criteria of surgical area were as below; * Presence of at least three single-rooted teeth (anterior-premolar) with RT1 -Class \[25\] buccal gingival recession defects ≥2 mm in depth * Keratinized gingival width\<3 mm * Sufficient oral hygiene (bleeding on probing \<10%, Periodontal Depth\<3 mm) * Patients without restoration and/or filling in the gingival recession area * Absence of non-carious cervical lesions and non-detectable cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) at the defect sites