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NOT YET RECRUITING

NCT07065461

The Almond Yogurt Study

Sponsor: University of Guelph

View on ClinicalTrials.gov

Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to explore how almond food structure influences gastric emptying rates when consumed by healthy adult women as part of a standardized breakfast meal. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does the structure of almonds (whole, chopped, buttered) influence gastric emptying? * What is the correlation between chewing behaviour, gastric emptying, and changes in postprandial triacylglycerols and satiety (hormones and ratings) within the context of these different food structures?

Official title: The Impact of Almond Food Structure in a Standardized Yogurt Breakfast Meal on Gastric Emptying, Oral Processing Behaviours, Appetite-Regulating Hormones, Postprandial Metabolism, and Subjective Satiety: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Key Details

Gender

FEMALE

Age Range

18 Years - 45 Years

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Enrollment

Start Date

2026-11

Completion Date

2027-12

Last Updated

2026-11-03

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Conditions

Postprandial Lipemia Gastric Emptying Satiety Response

Interventions

OTHER

115 g serving of yogurt with 60 g almonds

Inclusion Criteria: * Healthy female adults aged 18-45 years. * Body Mass Index (BMI) between 18.5-27.9 kg/m2, or waist circumference of less than 88 cm * Visible gastric antrum on ultrasound * No known food allergies or sensitivities * Non restrained eaters (TFEQ, see below) * No history of gastrointestinal diseases that may interfere with eating behavior or digestion * Not on medications that affect appetite (including GLP-1 agonists), digestion, blood sugar regulation, saliva production, or chewing * Stable medication use * Non-smokers * Not gained or lost significant weight during the past 3 months * Regular monthly menstrual cycles * Not pregnant, lactating or post-menopausal Exclusion Criteria: * Diabetes or other metabolic disorders affecting glycemia and overall cardiometabolic health * Blood pressure \> 140/90 mm Hg * Any food allergies, intolerances, or sensitivities * Pregnant or breastfeeding * Participation in another clinical trial * Excessive alcohol consumption (more than 14 drinks per week) * Smokers or those with a smoking history of more than 10 years * Regular use of recreational drugs (e.g., marijuana, ecstasy, LSD, magic mushrooms, etc.) * Restrained eater (\>16) as defined by the questionnaire at screening (Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, Stunkard et al., 1985) * Unusual sleep patterns * Irregular breakfast consumption * Recent weight changes, or intended weight loss or gain; lost/gained 10% of body weight within the last 6 months * Food allergies/sensitivities or any life-threatening allergies * Using medications known to affect appetite, digestion, blood sugar regulation, or chewing/swallowing (excluding oral contraceptives). * Experiences dry mouth in general or due to medication side effects * Inability to adhere to study protocols * Not comfortable providing IV-line blood samples * Not comfortable providing ultrasound scans * Not comfortable being video recorded while eating * Avoids consuming almonds/yogurt in general * Avoids eating hard foods to prevent dental fractures

Locations (1)

Department of Human Health Sciences

Guelph, Ontario, Canada