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Effects of Immersive VR, Non-Immersive VR, and 3D-Printed Models on Anatomy Learning and Cognitive Load
Sponsor: Abant Izzet Baysal University
Summary
Interactions with virtual content can enhance the creation and retention of knowledge. While some studies have found that learning methods involving the body-such as tactile manipulation-can lead to deeper understanding and higher achievement scores, other studies suggest that highly embodied tasks may limit the effectiveness of education by placing excessive cognitive or physical demands on learners. This study aims to compare the effects of different forms of visual representation and interaction (2D, digital 3D, physical 3D) on learning performance, presence, embodiment, and cognitive load among college students.
Official title: The Effect of Immersive Virtual Reality, Non-Immersive Virtual Reality, and 3D-Printed Models on Learning Performance and Cognitive Load in Anatomy Education
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
18 Years - 40 Years
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
90
Start Date
2026-10-01
Completion Date
2027-03-01
Last Updated
2026-10-21
Healthy Volunteers
Yes
Interventions
Immersive Virtual Reality Experience
All participants in the three groups will receive a 60-minute theoretical lecture on the anatomy of the carpal bones, L2 vertebra, and sacrum, supported by slides containing two-dimensional anatomical illustrations.Following the theoretical lecture, parti
Non-Immersive Virtual Reality Experience
All participants in the three groups will receive a 60-minute theoretical lecture on the anatomy of the carpal bones, L2 vertebra, and sacrum, supported by slides containing two-dimensional anatomical illustrations. Following the theoretical lecture, participants in the non-immersive virtual reality group will use the same anatomy education application as the immersive VR group, with the virtual environment displayed on a wall using a short-throw projector. Participants will examine the anatomical structures of the carpal bones, L2 vertebra, and sacrum through direct manipulation of the projected 3D models.
3D printed model Experience
All participants in the three groups will receive a 60-minute theoretical lecture on the anatomy of the carpal bones, L2 vertebra, and sacrum, supported by slides containing two-dimensional anatomical illustrations. Following the lecture, participants in the 3D-printed anatomical model group will examine the prominent anatomical structures of these bones for 30 minutes through direct manipulation of three-dimensional physical models.
Locations (1)
Faculty of Health Sciences Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University
Bolu, Merkez, Turkey (Türkiye)