Clinical Research Directory

Under real-time ultrasound guidance, an ablation needle (radiofrequency electrode, microwave antenna, or laser fiber) is precisely punctured into the center of the lesion. The corresponding energy generator is then connected with parameters configured, and energy delivery is initiated to rapidly raise local tissue temperature above 60 °C, inducing coagulative necrosis of cells via thermal biological effects. The ablation zone is continuously monitored by imaging during the procedure; needle position or parameters are adjusted when necessary to ensure complete lesion coverage. Energy output is terminated once the pre-set ablation margin is achieved, and the ablation needle is withdrawn.

Basic symptomatic treatment: Patients receive symptomatic care. Glucocorticoid therapy: Prednisone (5 mg), methylprednisolone (4 mg) or prednisone acetate (5 mg) starts at 0.5 mg/(kg·d). After 2-week maintenance, doses are gradually tapered; low-dose maintenance (2.5-5.0 mg/d) continues 4-8 weeks per symptoms and tolerability. Anti-tuberculosis therapy: Oral rifampicin, isoniazid and ethambutol for 6-9 months. Surgical resection: Pre-operative ultrasound maps lesions. Local or general anesthesia is used. Inflammatory lesions and sinus tracts are completely excised with maximal preservation of normal breast parenchyma.Intra-operative hemostasis and saline irrigation are done; primary closure or open drainage depends on wound status. Post-operative symptomatic care and wound dressing are provided.