Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 30-70 years old. * Agrees to follow the study protocol. * Reports a stable regimen of pharmacologic and/or non-pharmacologic treatments, meaning they have not changed their medication in the last 2 months. * Access to an internet for REDCap survey. Exclusion Criteria: * Significant patient-reported medical/neurological disease (e.g., major organ failure; active cancer, stroke, migraine, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, epilepsy) * Peripheral, entrapment, or radiculopathy neuropathies of the upper extremities (associated with diabetes, chemotherapy, or drug use, or imaging finding of a herniated disk or foraminal stenosis in the neck with contact to a nerve root); history of ulnar neuropathy or median nerve neuropathy * Acute and/or symptomatic compression fracture confirmed by imaging * Previous spinal surgery * Rheumatoid arthritis * Use of analgesic medication the morning prior to the afternoon assessment. * Cannot understand the instructions (e.g., cannot hear or see study materials). * Involved in a workers' compensation case, currently undergoing disability application, involved in personal injury claim, or incarcerated. * Pregnant or seeking to become pregnant. * Presence of an implantable electronic device such as a cardiac pacemaker, ICD, DBS, vagus nerve stimulator.