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AI-Generated Explanations and Dental Students' Clinical Decision-Making
Sponsor: Jordan University of Science and Technology
Summary
This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of AI-generated explanations on clinical decision-making among undergraduate dental students. UG dental students were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to one of three groups: a no-explanation control group, a correct AI-explanation group, or a plausible misleading AI-explanation group. All participants completed the same 15 clinical case-based scenario questions and rated their confidence after each response. The primary outcome was clinical decision-making accuracy. Secondary outcomes included confidence and confidence calibration, as well as selection of the predefined incorrect answer supported by the misleading explanation. The study was designed to determine whether correct AI-generated explanations improve performance and whether plausible but misleading explanations can direct students toward specific clinical errors.
Official title: The Impact of AI-Generated Explanations on Clinical Decision-Making Among Undergraduate Dental Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
18 Years - Any
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
225
Start Date
2026-06-01
Completion Date
2026-06-10
Last Updated
2026-10-27
Healthy Volunteers
Yes
Interventions
Correct AI-Generated Explanation
Participants received an AI-generated explanation supporting the correct answer for each of the 15 clinical case-based questions before selecting their response and rating their confidence. The explanations were reviewed and refined by endodontic academics to ensure factual accuracy and appropriate clinical reasoning.
Misleading AI-Generated Explanation
Participants received a plausible AI-generated explanation supporting a predefined incorrect answer for each of the 15 clinical case-based questions before selecting their response and rating their confidence. The explanations were reviewed and refined by endodontic academics to remain clinically plausible while preserving the underlying error.
Locations (1)
Jordan University of Science and Technology
Irbid, Jordan