Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 50 years or older. * Body mass index (BMI) of 24.0 to 32.5 kg/m². * Prediabetes, defined by at least one of the following: fasting plasma glucose of 5.6-6.9 mmol/L, 2-hour plasma glucose of 7.8-11.0 mmol/L during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 5.7%-6.4%, without meeting diagnostic criteria for diabetes. * Not regularly meeting recommended exercise levels during the previous 3 months, defined as less than 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or an equivalent amount of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic activity, and resistance training on fewer than 2 days per week. * Able to perform activities of daily living independently and considered medically suitable to participate safely in moderate-intensity aerobic and resistance exercise. * Able to participate in the 12-week intervention and major study assessments. * Able to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Previously diagnosed diabetes, or diabetes-range glucose results at formal baseline screening confirmed by medical assessment. * Regular use within the previous 3 months of medications that may substantially affect glucose metabolism, body weight, or the primary outcome, including glucose-lowering medications, weight-loss medications, or systemic glucocorticoids. * Severe, acute, or inadequately controlled medical conditions that, in the judgment of the study medical team, would make exercise participation or exercise testing unsafe. * Severe musculoskeletal, neurological, cognitive, or psychiatric conditions that would interfere with safe participation in the intervention or study assessments. * Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score ≥16, or clinically significant harmful alcohol use or alcohol dependence based on medical assessment. * Unintentional body weight change greater than 5% during the previous 6 months, or current participation in another structured intervention likely to substantially affect glucose metabolism, body weight, or physical activity. * Pregnancy, breastfeeding, planned pregnancy during the study period, or other circumstances expected to prevent completion of the 12-week intervention and primary outcome assessment.