Clinical Research Directory

McGill Stabilization Exercises Versus Pilates for Chronic Low Back Pain

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the effects of McGill Stabilization Exercises and Pilates on pain, muscle thickness, lumbar flexibility, and disability in adults aged 30-50 years with chronic non-specific low back pain. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Do McGill Stabilization Exercises and Pilates reduce pain and disability in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain? * Do these interventions improve lumbar flexibility and transversus abdominis muscle thickness? Researchers will compare the McGill Stabilization Exercises group with the Pilates group to determine which intervention produces greater improvements in pain, muscle thickness, lumbar flexibility, and disability. Participants will: * Receive either McGill Stabilization Exercises or Pilates, according to their assigned study group. * Receive transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and hot-pack therapy before the exercise intervention. * Attend treatment sessions twice weekly for six weeks, for a total of 12 sessions. * Complete assessments of pain intensity, disability, lumbar flexibility, and transversus abdominis muscle thickness at baseline and after six weeks.

Dynamic Versus Traditional Core Strengthening Exercises in Patients With Chronic Non-specific Low Back Pain

This research investigated the effectiveness of two different types of core strengthening exercises: dynamic versus traditional exercises. The participants comprised of individuals aged between 20-50 years, who have been suffering from chronic nonspecific low back pain for more than 12 weeks. The sample comprised of 70 participants, who were divided into two groups using random sampling. Group 1 performed dynamic core strengthening exercises, while Group 2 performed traditional core strengthening exercises. These two groups received routine physiotherapy, and were treated three times a week for a period of 8 weeks. The pain, back-related disability and assessment of lumbosacral stability was performed at the start and 8 weeks after the treatment using the Visual Analogue Scale, the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Prone Instability Test, respectively. The aim of the study was to find out which of the two core strengthening exercise programs offered the participants more pain relief, and more improvement in lumbosacral stability and back-related disability.

Therapeutic Effects of Instrument-assisted Versus Sound-assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization in Chronic Non-specific Low Back Pain

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is the most common medical problem observed among musculoskeletal pain and spinal pain problems. It can reduce the movements due to muscular imbalances, decreased activity of daily living, and effects on health-related quality of life. It is the major cause of activity limitation, work absence, and reported clinical issues. Most of the cases of low back pain remained undiagnosed and received only symptomatic management.

Pilates Mat Versus Segmental Control Exercises In Patients With Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain

This study sought to determine the effect of Pilates exercises versus segmental control exercises on spinopelvic angles, pain intensity, and functional disability in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain.

The Effect of Core Stabilization Exercises on Balance in Older Adults With Low Back Pain

This research aims to investigate the effect of a core stabilization exercise programme, combined with usual physiotherapy care, on balance in older adults, aged over 65 years with chronic non-specific low back pain. Participants will be randomly allocated to either an intervention group, receiving the core stabilization exercise programme additional to usual physiotherapy care, or a control group receiving usual physiotherapy care, combined with a general mobility and strengthening exercise programme. Participants will be assessed at baseline, after 12 weeks (3 months), and at a 6-month follow-up.

Comparison of Traditional, Synchronous, and Asynchronous Telerehabilitation in Office Workers With Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain

Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain (NLBP) is a common condition that occurs without a specific underlying pathology, resulting in muscle tension, pain, and a decreased quality of life. Office workers are particularly at risk due to prolonged sitting, ergonomic errors, and low physical activity. While exercise therapy is a primary approach for management, low adherence rates often limit its effectiveness. Telerehabilitation (remote, technology-supported physiotherapy) stands out for its potential to increase access and support continuity of care. This study is a randomized controlled trial that will be conducted with 45 office workers aged 18-65 diagnosed with chronic NLBP. Participants will be randomly assigned to three parallel groups: traditional exercise (brochure-based), synchronous telerehabilitation (live sessions), and asynchronous telerehabilitation (pre-recorded videos). The intervention protocol will be implemented for 8 weeks. Evaluations will be performed before and after the 8-week period using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain intensity, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for functional disability, Short Form-36 (SF-36) for health-related quality of life, and a Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of traditional, synchronous, and asynchronous telerehabilitation approaches on pain, disability, quality of life, and satisfaction to determine the most effective management model for office workers with chronic nonspecific low back pain.

Comparison of High-Intensity Interval Training With Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain Patients

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the HIIT with MICT in chronic non-specific low back pain patients. The main questions it aims to answer are: * The broad aim of the study is to compare HIIT with MICT in pain reduction in chronic non-specific low back pain patients. * The purpose of this research is to compare HIIT with MICT on disability and quality of life among chronic non-specific low back pain patients. * It also attempts to investigate the relationship between the baseline attributes and outcome variables. Researcher will compare the HIIT to MICT to see the effects on CNSLBP Participants will be: * Allocated to HIIT or MICT group for 6 weeks. * Assessed pre and post intervention. * Continuously monitored during treatment sessions.

Effects of Virtual Reality-Assisted Pain Neuroscience Education on Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain

Chronic nonspecific low back pain is a multifactorial condition involving not only biomechanical but also psychological and neurocognitive components, in which factors such as kinesiophobia and pain catastrophizing contribute to pain persistence and disability. Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) aims to reconceptualize pain, reduce fear-avoidance behaviors, and improve function, particularly when combined with exercise, although traditional educational methods may be limited in explaining abstract concepts. Virtual reality (VR) offers an interactive and engaging platform that may enhance the effectiveness of PNE by facilitating cognitive restructuring and increasing motivation, with evidence of short-term benefits on pain and kinesiophobia. Integrating VR-supported PNE with core stabilization exercises may simultaneously address biomechanical and cognitive processes, thereby providing a more comprehensive rehabilitation approach. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the effects of adding VR-supported pain education to core stabilization exercises on pain, kinesiophobia, pain catastrophizing, functional status, and balance in individuals with chronic nonspecific low back pain.

The Impacts of Chronic Non-specific Low Back Pain on Cognitive Functions of Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study

Chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) is a common condition among older adults and has been associated with an increased risk of executive function impairment. Research shows that older adults experiencing chronic pain are more likely to show worse cognitive performance compared to healthy individuals. While there is a bidirectional relationship between pain and executive functions, cognitive performance especially for some executive functions (e.g. inhibition, switching, working memory) is crucial for managing pain in older adults. Furthermore, executive dysfunctions are associated with decline in functional status among the population, particularly in performing instrumental activities in daily living. Therefore, maintaining executive function emerges as a pivotal consideration for older adults with CNSLBP. Studies provide preliminary evidence that connects brain changes with chronic pain and cognitive functions. For instance, multisite chronic pain may increase the risk of cognitive decline through structural changes like hippocampal atrophy. Besides, functional brain changes in chronic pain may reduce deactivation several key default mode network regions, predisposing individuals to cognitive impairments. Despite the aforementioned brain changes, no direct evidence supports the hypothesis that structural and functional brain changes caused by CNSLBP in older adults may be associated with cognitive decline. It remains unclear that whether structural changes (e.g. reduced hippocampal, cerebellar gray matter, white matter volume in the right frontal region) and/or functional changes (e.g. deactivation of default mode network regions, heightened activation in the anterior cingulate cortex) cause by CNSLBP are associated with cognitive decline. With neuroimaging techniques, brain mechanisms connecting CNSLBP and executive function deficits can be explained. To deepen understanding of the brain mechanisms underlying executive function decline in older adults with CNSLBP, this study will directly compare pain intensity, executive functions, brain structure, and functional changes of the brain between older adults with CNSLBP and age-matched healthy controls. A longitudinal approach is established to quantify the relationship between CNSLBP-related brain changes and executive functions in older adults, providing insights into the development of new treatment strategies to improve or prevent executive function decline in older adults with CNSLBP.

Predictive Variables of Outcome in Subjects With Chronic Rachialgia Referred to Different Pathways of Physiotherapy.

The aim of this study is to investigate the predictive value of various biopsychosocial variables on the outcomes of subjects with chronic spinal pain undergoing public health rehabilitation pathways. Secondly, the study aims to assess the reliability of certain questionnaires, classified as Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs), which are frequently used in the evaluation of spinal pain but whose metric properties have not yet been established. These objectives will be pursued through two comprehensive assessment sessions (before and after rehabilitation), a re-test session immediately before rehabilitation (to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaires in stable subjects), and two follow-up assessments at 3 and 6 months after discharge.

The Effect of Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation on Brain Characteristics, Pain Intensity, and Cognitive Functions in Older People with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain.

The goal of this clinical trial is to explore the effects of accelerated intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS) on pain relief and cognitive function in older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain. It will also utilize magnetic resonance imaging to illustrate the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the role of iTBS in improving various outcome indicators in this population. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Is left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex stimulation using accelerated iTBS effective for older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain? 2. What are the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the role of iTBS in improving various outcome indicators in older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain? Participants will: 1. Receive 1,200 stimuli during a single-session iTBS, totaling 14 days. 2. Undergo MRI scanning before, immediately after treatment, cognitive and pain-related tests before, immediately after treatment, and during follow-up.

The Impacts of Chronic Non-specific Low Back Pain on Cognitive Functions of Older Adults

Chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) is a prevalent condition among older adult and has been associated with an increased risk of executive function impairment. Studies have shown that older adults with chronic pain are more likely to show poor cognitive performance than healthy controls. Cognitive performance is particularly important when managing pain in older adults, especially for some executive functions (e.g., inhibition, switching, working memory) because pain and executive functions have their bidirectional relationship. Further, executive dysfunctions are associated with a decline in functional status among older adults, particularly the impairment of instrumental activities of daily living. Given the above, the preservation of executive functions emerges as a pivotal consideration among old adults with CNSLBP. Studies have provided preliminary evidence of the correlation between brain changes associated with chronic pain and cognitive functions. For example, multisite chronic pain may contribute to an increased risk of cognitive decline via structural change in hippocampal atrophy. For another example, functional brain changes in chronic pain reduced the deactivation of several key default mode network regions, thereby predisposing individuals to cognitive impairments. Despite the aforementioned brain changes, no research has provided direct evidence to support the hypothesis that structural and functional brain changes caused by CNSLBP in older adults may be associated with cognitive decline. Specifically, whether CNSLBP may lead to structural changes (e.g., smaller hippocampal, cerebellar gray matter, white matter volume in the right frontal region) and/or functional changes (e.g., deactivation of default mode network regions, heightened activation in the anterior cingulate cortex) associated with cognitive decline remains unclear. With the help of neuroimaging, the knowledge about the underlying brain mechanisms between CNSLBP (chronic non-specific low back pain) and executive functions can be explained. To gain a better understanding of the brain mechanisms underlying executive function decline in older adults with CNSLBP, this study will directly compare pain intensity, executive functions, brain structure, and functional changes of the brain between older adults with CNSLBP and age-matched healthy controls. The results of this study have the potential to quantify the association between CNSLBP-related brain changes and executive functions in older adults, and provide insights into the development of new treatment strategies to improve or prevent executive function decline in older adults with CNSLBP.