Clinical Research Directory

Effect of Beeswax-Based Nipple Protector and Breast Milk on Nipple Problems

Breastfeeding is the optimal method of infant feeding and provides significant health benefits for both mothers and infants. However, nipple pain, tenderness, fissures, and other nipple-related problems are common during the early postpartum period and frequently lead to breastfeeding difficulties or early discontinuation. Although various interventions, including breast milk, lanolin, and hydrogel dressings, have been used to prevent nipple trauma, there is still no consensus regarding the most effective approach. Beeswax possesses moisturizing, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties and may represent a safe and natural alternative for preventing nipple damage. However, evidence regarding the effectiveness of beeswax-based nipple protectors remains limited. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a beeswax-based nipple protector compared with routine breast milk application in preventing nipple problems among postpartum breastfeeding mothers. The study will be conducted as a prospective, randomized controlled trial in a university hospital. Postpartum mothers who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group, which will use a beeswax-based nipple protector, or the control group, which will receive routine breast milk application. Participants will be followed during the first 20 postpartum days. Data will be collected using a descriptive information form, a breast assessment form, the Visual Analogue Scale for pain, and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form. Assessments will be performed at baseline and on postpartum days 10 and 20. Statistical analyses will be conducted using appropriate descriptive and comparative methods according to data distribution, and repeated measurements will be analyzed using longitudinal statistical models. This study is expected to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of a beeswax-based nipple protector in reducing nipple pain and trauma and improving breastfeeding self-efficacy.

Hyaluronic Acid for the Treatment of Damaged Nipples in Breastfeeding Women

Previous studies have shown that application of hyaluronic acid preparations to wounds of the skin and mucosa have a beneficial effect. There is a lack of studies showing the effect of applying hyaluronic acid preparations to treat damaged nipple skin in breastfeeding mothers. This study aims to determine the effect of applying a hyaluronic acid preparation to damaged nipple skin in breastfeeding women.