Clinical Research Directory

Trastuzumab Rezetecan and Adebrelimab as Neoadjuvant Therapy for HER2-Positive Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant trastuzumab rezetecan combined with adebrelimab for the treatment of HER2-positive muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

A Prospective, Multi-Center, Phase 4, Single Arm Study To Assess The Safety and Tolerability of Perioperative Durvalumab in Combination With Neoadjuvant Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin in Indian Patients With Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Cle-Invasive

This is a Phase 4, Single Arm Study To Assess The Safety and tolerability of Perioperative Durvalumab in Combination with Neoadjuvant Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin Treatment Followed by radical cystectomy and Durvalumab alone as Treatment in Indian Patients with Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. It is to be conducted in compliance with a condition of approval specified by Health Authority of India following the addition of this indication to the approved prescribing information. A phase IV clinical trial to Asses the safety profile of this regimen in patients from India and subsequently, any regulatory action resulting from the review should be complied.

Response-Guided Bladder Preservation With Trastuzumab Rezetecan, Adebrelimab, and Concurrent Bladder Radiotherapy in HER2-Expressing Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

This prospective, multicenter, open-label phase II study will evaluate a response-guided bladder-preservation strategy in patients with HER2-expressing muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Participants will receive maximal transurethral resection of the bladder tumor, trastuzumab rezetecan plus adebrelimab, and concurrent bladder radiotherapy. Treatment response will be assessed by cystoscopic biopsy or diagnostic transurethral resection at 8 weeks (±2 weeks) after radiotherapy. Participants with a pathological stage of T1 or lower may continue bladder-preserving management, whereas radical cystectomy will be recommended for participants with disease above T1. The primary outcome is the major pathological response rate.

Validation of a Circulating Tumor DNA Blood Test in Muscle-Invasive Bladder and Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer

This prospective observational study evaluates a blood-based circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) test in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer or upper tract urothelial cancer. ctDNA consists of small fragments of tumor DNA that can sometimes be detected in the blood. In this study, DNA from tumor tissue obtained during routine diagnostic or surgical procedures will be analyzed to identify tumor-specific mutations. Blood samples collected during routine clinical care will then be tested to determine whether the same mutations can be detected in plasma ctDNA. The main purpose is to assess how well the internally developed ctDNA assay detects tumor-specific mutations compared with tumor tissue sequencing. The study will also explore whether ctDNA results after treatment are associated with recurrence or remission during two years of follow-up, and whether changes in ctDNA levels during treatment are associated with pathological response. This study does not assign participants to a treatment and does not require additional blood draws beyond routine care. Treating physicians will remain blinded to ctDNA results during the study, so the test results will not influence clinical decisions.

EV + Toripalimab vs GC as Neoadjuvant Therapy in Locally Advanced/High-Risk MIBC

The purpose of this Phase II, open-label, multicenter, randomized controlled study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Enfortumab Vedotin in combination with Toripalimab compared to Gemcitabine plus Cisplatin. This regimen is evaluated as a neoadjuvant treatment for patients with locally advanced or high-risk muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of two cohorts. Cohort A will receive Enfortumab Vedotin and Toripalimab for 3 treatment cycles. Cohort B will receive Gemcitabine and Cisplatin for 3 treatment cycles. Following the neoadjuvant treatment phase, patients will undergo radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. The primary endpoint of the study is the 1-year Event-Free Survival (EFS) rate. Secondary endpoints include pathological downstaging rate (pDR), pathological complete response (pCR), Disease-Free Survival (DFS), Overall Survival (OS), and the assessment of adverse events. Additionally, the study will evaluate the relationship between treatment efficacy and the expression of PD-L1 and Nectin-4 in tumor tissues.

Multi-Omics-Based Phase Ⅱ Trial of Trastuzumab Rezetecan Plus Camrelizumab for Perioperative Therapy in HER2-Positive Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma

For patients with HER2-expressing muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), current neoadjuvant therapies dominated by platinum-based chemotherapy remain unsatisfactory with respect to improved clinical efficacy, pathological complete response (pCR) rates, and the achievement rate of tumor downstaging for bladder preservation; in addition, a subset of patients have limited tolerance or eligibility to chemotherapy. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the neoadjuvant regimen of Ruikang Trastuzumab combined with Camrelizumab, to determine whether this regimen can, with acceptable safety profiles: elevate pCR rate and the proportion of patients downstaged to ≤T1 disease, enable bladder preservation based on TURBT for eligible patients, and explore predictive biomarkers to identify the population most likely to derive clinical benefits.

Tumor Budding and T1 Substaging in Urothelial Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer is a significant global and local health concern, and predicting how aggressive a patient's tumor will behave is critical for guiding treatment. This observational study aims to evaluate two specific microscopic features of urothelial bladder carcinoma to see if they can reliably predict patient outcomes: the depth of early tumor invasion (T1 substaging) and the presence of small clusters of cancer cells at the tumor's edge (Tumor Budding). Researchers will retrospectively analyze tissue samples (paraffin blocks) from at least 100 patients who were diagnosed with urothelial bladder carcinoma and underwent transurethral resection (TUR) at the South Egypt Cancer Institute between 2018 and 2024. The tissue samples will be analyzed in two main ways: * Early-stage tumors (pT1 cases): Researchers will carefully measure the exact depth the tumor has invaded the bladder lining using anatomical and micrometric sub-classification systems. * More advanced tumors (pT2 cases): Researchers will examine the invasive edge of the tumors under a microscope to count "tumor buds" (single cells or small clusters of cells). By comparing these detailed microscopic measurements with the patients' historical medical records, the study hopes to determine if T1 substaging and Tumor Budding are strong predictors of disease recurrence, disease progression, and overall patient survival.