Clinical Research Directory

World Café Teaching on Pharmacology Academic Performance and Perceived Self-Regulated Learning Among Nursing Students

This exploratory two-round cluster-randomised trial examined the World Café teaching method, a structured participatory approach, in pharmacology education for third-year undergraduate nursing students. The study was designed to assess whether the World Café method, compared with traditional lecture-based instruction, was associated with pharmacology final examination performance-including the total examination score (primary outcome), accurate knowledge identification and discrimination, and knowledge integration, reasoning and clinical decision-making (secondary/exploratory outcomes)-and with students' perceptions of teaching and perceived benefits for self-regulated learning (SRL), measured by self-developed questionnaires. The trial was exploratory and was not powered to confirm a treatment effect. Eight classes were randomised across two rounds (four classes per round; three control classes and one experimental class per round). The experimental classes received World Café case-discussion integrated into the same core pharmacology content, while control classes received traditional lectures. The primary outcome was analysed with linear mixed models with class as a random intercept, with small-sample correction and a within-round exact permutation test. Questionnaires were administered in the experimental group only.

HMD-Based Virtual Reality Simulation in Nursing Skills Education

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of head-mounted display (HMD)-based interactive virtual reality simulation, an innovative educational technology in nursing education, on nursing students' skill performance, anxiety levels, satisfaction, and self-confidence during ice pack application. Methods: This study is designed as a randomized controlled trial. The study population will consist of undergraduate nursing students enrolled at a public university in northeastern Türkiye during the 2026-2027 academic year. Based on a statistical power analysis, a total of 90 nursing students will be recruited and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 45) or the control group (n = 45). Students in the experimental group will perform ice pack application using an HMD-based interactive virtual reality simulation, whereas students in the control group will perform the same procedure using a low-fidelity training mannequin. Data will be collected using the Student Information Form, Ice Pack Application Skills Checklist, Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale (SCLS), and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Statistical analyses will be performed using SPSS version 25.0. Ethical approval (15.04.2026/07) institutional permission have been obtained. Both verbal and written informed consent will be obtained from all participants before their inclusion in the study.

The Effect Of Low-Fidelity Simulation Education Pressure Injuries

The nursing education curriculum comprises both theoretical and practical courses designed to educate and prepare nursing students for their professional roles, functions, and responsibilities. Simulation, in particular, offers nursing students the opportunity to practice various essential clinical skills and decision-making processes in a safe environment, without posing an immediate risk to patients. Simulation-based training has been reported to be effective in teaching about pressure injuries. While the significance, staging, and care and treatment approaches regarding pressure injuries are addressed theoretically within nursing curricula, it is not always possible to provide all students with the opportunity to observe and experience pressure injuries at various stages in clinical practice settings. Therefore, teaching the stages of pressure injuries and the associated care and treatment processes through simulation applications in a laboratory setting is considered a significant educational strategy. This study aims to determine the impact of low-fidelity simulation training on nursing students' knowledge levels regarding pressure injuries and their satisfaction with the learning experience.

Online RPG Interactive Adventure Games Combined With an E-book Learning Obstetric Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring Technology

One of the main goals of nursing education is to cultivate essential clinical skills in students to ensure they can provide safe, effective, and compassionate care within a medical environment. In the field of obstetric nursing, the precise mastery of fetal heart rate monitoring is crucial as it significantly impacts the students' future ability to assess the health conditions of both the mother and the fetus in clinical settings. This becomes increasingly important in today's context of declining birth rates. However, traditional nursing education, which mainly relies on knowledge transmission and simulation demonstrations, not only struggles to stimulate students' interest but often leads to ineffective learning outcomes. With the rapid advancement of technology, these limitations no longer meet the current needs of nursing education and students. Therefore, this study proposes to build and explore a new teaching model based on the ARCS motivation theory, integrating online role-playing games (RPGs) and interactive e-books to enhance nursing students' learning motivation and effectiveness.

The Effects of Combining Electronic Picture Books With RPG-Based Gamified Learning on Nursing Students' Motivation and Learning Outcomes in Breastfeeding Education

This study aimed to explore the impact of electronic picture books combined with RPG on breastfeeding learning outcomes among nursing students. The study participants were third-year nursing students from a university in central Taiwan. A randomized controlled design was used, with the experimental group receiving electronic picture books combined with RPG, while the control group received traditional face-to-face instruction. Changes in students' breastfeeding knowledge, learning motivation, self-efficacy, and cognitive load were assessed. The expected results can provide a reference for innovative teaching models in nursing education and promote the future clinical application of breastfeeding.

Applying Interactive E-books on Breastfeeding to Enhance Nursing Students' Learning

This study aims to explore the impact of interactive breastfeeding e-books on nursing students' breastfeeding learning outcomes. The subjects are third-year nursing students from a university in central Taiwan. A randomized controlled design will be adopted. The experimental group will use interactive breastfeeding e-books for learning, while the control group will use traditional face-to-face courses to evaluate the changes in students' breastfeeding knowledge, skills, and learning motivation. The expected results can provide a reference for innovative teaching models in nursing education and promote the future clinical promotion of breastfeeding.

AI-Powered Interview Simulation to Improve Employability and Reduce Anxiety in Nursing and Midwifery Students

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a ChatGPT-based job interview simulation on the employment perceptions and interview-related anxiety of senior nursing and midwifery students. Transitioning from education to professional practice in healthcare is a critical phase that directly influences employability and career readiness. Particularly for nursing and midwifery students, the ability to navigate job interviews with confidence plays a pivotal role in shaping their future career paths. As such, innovative and digital interventions are needed to better prepare students for this process. Grounded in Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the study explores how AI-driven simulations affect students' self-efficacy, perceived utility, and usability, and ultimately their career-related outlook. The intervention involves a structured, text-based job interview simulation powered by ChatGPT-4o, during which students respond to a series of nine professionally tailored questions. These questions are aligned with international competency frameworks such as those from ICN (2008) and ICM (2024), focusing on themes like professionalism, teamwork, evidence-based care, communication, and leadership. At the end of the simulation, the chatbot provides brief, constructive feedback to the participant. A total of 102 final-year students from Koç University and Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa will be recruited using stratified randomization. Participants will be assigned to either an intervention group, which will complete the ChatGPT simulation, or a control group, which will not receive any interview intervention but will complete the same pre- and post-test questionnaires. Key outcome measures include the Perceived Future Employability Scale (PFE), the Interview Anxiety Scale (MASI-T), and a simulation experience form for the intervention group. Quantitative data will be analyzed using SPSS with appropriate parametric and non-parametric tests based on data distribution, and an intention-to-treat (ITT) approach will be adopted. To ensure the integrity of the experiment, blinding procedures, strict confidentiality, and group separation protocols will be applied. The simulation will be conducted individually on research-owned devices in private rooms, and no personal or textual data will be saved from the AI interactions. Ethical approval has been obtained from Koç University Social and Behavioral Ethics Committee. Participation is voluntary, informed consent will be collected, and all processes will comply with the Helsinki Declaration and Turkish Personal Data Protection Law. Ultimately, this study seeks to offer evidence on the pedagogical utility of AI-based simulation tools in preparing healthcare students for employment, while also contributing to the broader field of digital transformation in health education.

The Effect of SBAR Communication Program on Nursing Students' Perceptions of Clinical Decision Making and Medical Error Prevention Levels: A Mixed Methods Study

In clinical settings, teamwork plays a vital role in improving patient care outcomes. Effective and structured communication within the team ensures that a holistic service is provided to patients. However, unclear and inadequate communication between healthcare professionals is a common problem. Such communication problems can be one of the main factors that compromise patient safety and lead to medication errors. Nurses play a key role in this process as they are the healthcare professionals who interact most with patients. Nurses need to not only correctly understand the instructions to be given to the patient, but also to convey information about the patient clearly and accurately to other nurses, doctors and other members of the healthcare team. In this context, opportunities to communicate using a common language and develop these skills form an essential part of the education of nursing students. The use of structured communication tools, especially SBAR, can play an important role in the prevention of medical errors while improving the clinical decision-making skills of future nurses. The SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) communication tool is a structured model used to ensure effective communication in healthcare. "The Effect of SBAR Communication Program on Clinical Decision Making and Medical Error Awareness Levels of Nursing Students: A Mixed Method Study" is a mixed method research using experimental and qualitative research designs. The data of the research will be collected with the "Student Information Form", "Clinical Decision Making Scale in Nursing" and "Medical Error Scale for Nursing Students" "Semi-Structured Interview Form". Quantitative data processing and statistical analysis will be done with SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software. Qualitative data analysis will be done using hand coding and content analysis method. As a result, this research will clearly demonstrate the benefits of integrating communication tools such as SBAR into nursing education, contribute to the development of new methods in education and the reduction of medical errors.

A Mobile Chatbot with ARCS-V Motivation Theory on Learning Motivation

This study will implement a smartphone chatbot in medical-surgical nursing education to enhance nursing students' learning motivation and academic performance. T