Clinical Research Directory

Effect of Midazolam Given at Induction on Recall of Propofol Injection Pain

Propofol is the most commonly used intravenous drug to start general anesthesia (induction). However, it often causes pain in the arm during injection, and remembering this pain after surgery can negatively affect the patient's experience and comfort. Adding lidocaine (a local anesthetic) to propofol reduces this pain but does not prevent it in every patient. Midazolam is a medicine commonly given to reduce anxiety, and it can also reduce the memory of events that occur after it is given (anterograde amnesia). It is not known whether midazolam reduces the memory of propofol injection pain after surgery. In this study, adult volunteers aged 18 to 65 who are scheduled for elective surgery will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) a low sedative dose of midazolam before propofol, (2) propofol mixed with lidocaine, or (3) propofol alone. Neither the participants nor the investigator giving the medication will know which group a participant is in. After surgery, once participants have recovered sufficiently, they will be asked whether they remember pain at the injection site during propofol injection. The study will also assess the severity of injection pain and the relationship between anxiety before surgery and injection pain. All drugs used in this study are approved medicines given at doses used in routine anesthesia practice.

Arm Elevation for Prevention of Propofol Injection Pain

The purpose of this research is to determine whether a simple technique, temporarily raising the arm during the injection of propofol (a commonly used medication for anesthesia), can reduce the pain that some people experience when the medication is given through an IV. The study will compare this technique with the current standard approach of using lidocaine (a numbing medication), as well as a combination of both methods, to determine which approach is most effective at reducing injection pain.

Lidocaine, Paracetamol, and Dexmedetomidine for Rocuronium Injection Pain

Propofol and rocuronium may cause pain during intravenous injection. Various pharmacological agents are used to reduce the incidence and severity of injection pain. Among the most commonly used agents for this purpose are lidocaine, various opioids, ketamine, paracetamol, and dexmedetomidine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the comparative effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine and paracetamol versus lidocaine in preventing propofol- and rocuronium-induced pain during anesthesia induction.