Clinical Research Directory

REACH Forgiveness Group Intervention Adapted for Refugees (REACH-FOR)

The goal of this study was to find out whether REACH-FOR, a group program that helps people work toward forgiving a past offense, is useful for refugees, including people who cannot read or write well. Many refugees have experienced violence and injustice, and holding on to resentment has been linked to poorer mental health. REACH-FOR adapts the REACH Forgiveness program (Recall, Empathize, Altruistic gift, Commit, Hold on) by replacing written exercises with oral, visual, and group activities and by using examples drawn from refugees' own stories. Eighteen adult refugees living in a temporary reception center in Portugal were randomly assigned to take part in REACH-FOR straight away or to join a waiting list and take part one week later. Participants answered questionnaires about unforgiveness, forgiveness, and well-being before and after the program and one month later.

Effects of Pastel Nagomi Art on Psychological Well-Being in Nursing Students

The purpose of this quasi-experimental study is to evaluate the effects of a Pastel Nagomi Art intervention on the psychological well-being of nursing students. Nursing students often experience high levels of stress and academic anxiety during their professional training. Pastel Nagomi Art, a therapeutic and accessible form of art making using soft pastels and fingers, has gained attention for its potential to foster relaxation, mindfulness, and emotional expression. This study employs a non-randomized, quasi-experimental design. Participants will be assigned to either the Pastel Nagomi Art intervention group or the control group based on their personal preference and availability. The intervention group will receive structured Pastel Nagomi Art workshops, while the control group will maintain their usual routine. Psychological well-being will be assessed at baseline and post-intervention. The results aim to provide evidence on the feasibility and effectiveness of integrating soft art interventions into nursing education to support student mental health.

The Impacts of Mindfulness on Psychological Wellbeing Among Nursing Students

The aims of this study are to develop a mindfulness-based elective course for nursing students and to evaluate its effects on psychological well-being, including mindfulness, depression, anxiety, stress, and problematic internet use, empathy, among nursing students.

Two Sessions of Coach-Delivered Core Transformation for Distress and Well-Being

The goal of this study is to learn if Core Transformation, a guided coaching process, lowers psychological distress in adults. It will also look at well-being, daily functioning, and whether any changes last over time. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Do people who have two Core Transformation sessions have less psychological distress after their second session than people who are still waiting for their sessions? * Do any changes last up to 12 months after the sessions? * Do participants feel better about the issue they chose to work on? Researchers will compare a group that has the sessions earlier with a group that has the same sessions about 2 weeks later (a waitlist group). Participants will: * Choose one moderate issue to work on * Be placed by chance into an earlier-start group or a later-start group * Have two one-on-one online video coaching sessions with a Core Transformation coach (a coach in training or a certified coach), about one week apart. Sessions are recorded. * Complete online surveys before the sessions; at about 4 weeks (after the sessions for the immediate arm, and before the sessions for the delayed treatment arm); at about 6 weeks (after the sessions for the delayed treatment arm); and for long-term follow-up at about 3, 6 and 12 months after the second session. Everyone in the study is offered the sessions.

Perfectionism and Daily Coping and Emotion Regulation Processes: A Trial of Two Explanatory Feedback Interventions

Over the past three decades, perfectionism has received increasing theoretical and empirical attention as a cognitive-personality factor that increases vulnerability to a wide range of psychological problems, including depression and anxiety. Although mediators and moderators of the link between perfectionism and well-being have been identified, the direct clinical utility of these findings has not been a focus. The Perfectionism and Coping Processes Model - Explanatory Feedback Intervention (PCPM-EFI) draws on previous findings and individually analyzes participant responses to perfectionism measures and online daily questionnaires of stress, coping, and mood over 7 days. The EFI provides an individualized slideshow presentation that is delivered in a single 45-60 minute session by a student research assistant to address how stress and coping patterns trigger and maintain negative affect and (lower) positive affect in the participant's daily life. A recent waitlist controlled feasibility trial compared the PCPM-EFI condition with a waitlist control condition over 4 weeks in 176 university students with higher SC perfectionism, with individualized feedback delivered one-on-one by student trainees in-person or remotely through videoconferencing. The feasibility of the individualized analyses of each participant's daily data was supported by identifying daily trigger patterns, maintenance tendencies, strengths, common triggers, and best targets for reducing negative mood and increasing positive mood across several stressors for each participant. Participant ratings indicated that the comprehensive feedback was coherent and functional. Participants in the EFI condition, compared to those in the control condition, reported increases in empowerment, coping self-efficacy, and problem-focused coping, as well as decreases in depressive and anxious symptoms. Between-group effect sizes were moderate-to-large. There were reliable improvements in empowerment and depressive symptoms for 56% and 36%, respectively, of participants in the EFI condition. These findings demonstrate the broad applicability, conceptual utility, and effectiveness of the PCPM-EFI for self-critical perfectionistic individuals. Given these promising findings, research is needed to examine the utility of customizing daily emotion regulation findings, and the complementary effects of providing meaningful feedback on well-being. The present study will build on the promising findings of the PCPM-EFI by using a 7-day daily diary methodology to test a complementary EFI on perfectionism and emotion regulation processes (e.g., self-compassion, mindfulness, experiential avoidance, rumination, reappraisal) delivered online through videoconferencing in a sample of university students with higher self-critical perfectionism. Based on the Perfectionism and Emotion Regulation Processes Model (PERPM), the PERPM-EFI follows the same structure as the PCPM-EFI to provide individualized analyses drawn from previous findings. The results of a pilot study of 12 university students with higher SC perfectionism suggest that the PERPM-EFI is broadly applicable, conceptually useful, and effective. Specifically, despite the small sample size, participants reported increases in empowerment, mindfulness, self-compassion, and emotional self-awareness, as well as decreases in depressive and anxious symptoms. The present study will use a randomized control design to examine whether the PCPM-EFI plus PERPM-EFI can better improve well-being, relative to providing no feedback, the PERPM-EFI alone, or PCPM-EFI alone in the context of a 4-week longitudinal study with three time points in a sample of 180 university students. The four conditions will be: (a) waitlist control condition, (b) PCPM-EFI, (c) PERPM-EFI, and (d) PCPM-EFI plus PERPM-EFI. It is hypothesized that all three EFI conditions will yield better outcomes than the waitlist control condition. It is also hypothesized that the combined PCPM-EFI plus PERPM-EFI condition will be superior to the PCPM-EFI condition and PERPM-EFI condition on empowerment (primary outcome) and secondary symptom outcomes (i.e., depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, negative affect, positive affect). It is also expected that participants in the PCPM-EFI plus PERPM-EFI condition and PCPM-EFI condition will exhibit larger increases in coping self-efficacy and problem-focused coping than participants in the PERPM-EFI condition. On the other hand, it is hypothesized that participants in the PCPM-EFI plus PERPM-EFI condition and PERPM-EFI condition will exhibit larger increases in self-compassion, mindfulness, and emotional self-awareness than participants in the PCPM-EFI condition. If the feedback interventions are shown to be efficacious, the interventions could be offered to universities, work places, clinical settings, and other organizations.

Effects of School-Based Ignatian Examen Meditation on Well-Being, Gratitude, Hope, and Spirituality in Hong Kong Catholic Primary School Students

This study aims to investigate the effects of Ignatian Examen Meditation on students' psychological well-being, gratitude, hope, and spirituality. Specifically, it examines whether participation in Examen Meditation improves emotional well-being by reducing stress, anxiety, and depression, enhancing students' sense of gratitude and hope, and strengthening spiritual development. The study also explores the lived experiences of students and teachers who participate in the programme. Regarding significance, this study addresses the lack of empirical studies examining Examen Meditation in Asian educational settings. The findings will provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of a Catholic contemplative practice in supporting students' mental health and spiritual formation. It may contribute to the development of school-based well-being programmes in Catholic schools by demonstrating the potential benefits of Examen Meditation for psychological well-being, the sense of gratitude and hope and spiritual growth.

Effect of the Ansileve Supplement on the Well-being of Parents of Children Who Have Experienced a Medical Emergency: A Randomized Controlled Study

The goal of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial is to evaluate whether the dietary supplement Ansileve (Ansileve SOS spray and Ansileve capsules) can improve psychological well-being and parental functioning in mothers and fathers of children experiencing an acute medical event requiring hospital care. The main questions are: 1. Does acute administration of Ansileve SOS spray improve maternal functioning in the short term, as measured by the Barkin Index of Maternal Functioning (BIMF), compared with placebo? 2. Does Ansileve SOS spray and the subsequent 30-day supplementation with Ansileve capsules reduce anxiety symptoms and improve emotional well-being in parents, compared with placebo? Researchers will compare participants receiving Ansileve SOS spray and/or Ansileve capsules with participants receiving matching placebo products to determine whether the intervention improves parental functioning, reduces anxiety symptoms, and supports psychological recovery after a stressful event involving their child. Participants will: * Be mothers and fathers (≥18 years) of children admitted for an acute medical event at the Pediatria Immunoreumatologia Unit of the Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico * Complete validated questionnaires assessing functioning (BIMF, only mothers), emotional impact of the event \[Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R)\], and anxiety symptoms \[Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7)\] at baseline and during follow-up * Receive either Ansileve SOS spray or placebo spray at study enrolment. * Take either Ansileve capsules or placebo capsules daily for 30 days according to the assigned treatment group * Complete a follow-up assessment to evaluate treatment adherence and possible adverse events.

Effects of a Mobile Game in Menopausal Women

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of a mobile game-based cognitive intervention on brain fog and psychological well-being in menopausal women aged 45-55 years. The main questions it aims to answer are: Are Brain Fog Scale scores lower among women in the mobile game intervention group compared with women in the control group? Are Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale scores higher among women in the mobile game intervention group compared with women in the control group? Do women participating in the mobile game intervention demonstrate greater reductions in Brain Fog Scale scores and greater improvements in Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale scores after the intervention compared with their baseline measurements? Researchers will compare participants receiving the mobile game-based cognitive intervention with participants receiving routine follow-up only to determine the effectiveness of the intervention on brain fog and psychological well-being. Participants will: Complete baseline assessments using the Brain Fog Scale and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale. Be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. Use the cognitive training mobile game for 15 minutes per day, 5 days per week, for 6 weeks if assigned to the intervention group. Receive routine follow-up only if assigned to the control group. Complete post-intervention assessments at the end of the 6-week study period.

Effect of Tele-Rehabilitation on Low Back Pain, Fatigue, and Psychological Well-being in Postpartum Women Following C-Section

The goal of this study is to learn whether tele-rehabilitation helps postpartum women recover from low back pain after a cesarean section (C-section). The study will also look at whether tele-rehabilitation helps reduce fatigue, improve psychological well-being, and make daily activities easier. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does tele-rehabilitation reduce low back pain in postpartum women after a C-section? * Does it reduce postpartum fatigue? * Does it improve psychological well-being? * Does it improve the ability to perform daily activities? Participants will: * Be selected using a computer-generated random sampling method from eligible postpartum women. * Complete assessments before and after the treatment program. * Receive therapeutic exercises and ergonomic education through tele-rehabilitation if assigned to the intervention group. * Receive ergonomic education about posture, breastfeeding, lifting, carrying, and back care if assigned to the control group. * Complete questionnaires about their pain, fatigue, psychological well-being, and ability to perform daily activities. The study may help determine whether tele-rehabilitation is a practical way to provide physiotherapy support to women recovering at home after a C-section.

Effectiveness of a 12-minute Structured Exercise Protocol on Overall Well- Being,Postural Alignment and Work Efficiency Among Sedentary Bank Employees.

Bank employees spend most of their working day sitting at a desk, which is linked to poor well-being, forward head posture, and reduced work performance. This study compares the effectiveness of a 12-minute structured exercise protocol versus an unstructured activity break in improving well-being, posture, and work performance in sedentary bank employees.

The Aim of This Study is to Examine the Effects of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT), Delivered to Students of Vocational School of Higher Education, on Hope, Problem-solving Skills, and Life Satisfaction.

This randomized controlled study aims to evaluate the effects of a Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT)-based structured program on hope, problem-solving skills, and life satisfaction among students attending a university vocational school. Fifty eligible students from two campuses of a state university will be randomized to an intervention group (n=25) or a control group (n=25). The intervention group will receive a structured SFBT-based program delivered face-to-face, while the control group will continue usual conditions during the study period. Outcomes will be assessed using standardized questionnaires at baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up. The primary analyses will compare changes in outcome scores over time between groups.

Strong Minds: A Digital Intervention Targeting Body Image and Psychological Well-being Among Adolescent Male Fitness Club Members

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether a digital intervention can improve body image and psychological well-being among adolescent boys who attend fitness clubs. Fitness club environments and social media often promote appearance ideals related to muscularity and leanness, which may contribute to body appearance pressure, body dissatisfaction, and psychological distress among boys. In this cluster-randomized controlled trial, approximately 260 boys aged 15 to 18 years will be recruited from fitness clubs in Oslo, Norway. Participants from fitness clubs assigned to the intervention group will receive access to a 12-week website-based program consisting of four interactive modules focusing on body image, psychological well-being, critical social media literacy, and attitudes toward food and sports supplements. Participants in the control group will continue their usual activities. The study will examine whether the intervention reduces internalization of appearance ideals and body appearance pressure and improves body appreciation, health-related quality of life, psychological well-being, social media-related behaviors, and attitudes toward food and sports supplements. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at a 6-month follow-up.

The Effect of a Music-Assisted Mandala Intervention on Psychological Well-being and Quality of Life in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy

Cancer is one of the most significant global health issues of our time. Chemotherapy, one of the methods used to treat cancer, not only treats the disease but also causes numerous physiological and psychological side effects that adversely affect quality of life. It has been reported that treatment adherence problems are more common in patients with a high symptom burden associated with these side effects. For this reason, it is crucial that patients have achieved psychological adaptation to their condition and treatment in order for the treatment to be effective, to ensure that toxicity is kept under control, and to ensure that the course of the disease progresses favourably. In cases of illness and failure to adhere to treatment, this can lead to unnecessary visits to the doctor, visits to A\&E, hospitalisation, and an increase in the use of healthcare services and associated costs; it may also result in the development of treatment resistance, an increased burden on patients and carers, disease progression, and even death. Various non-pharmacological approaches, such as exercise, expressing emotions and art therapy, can be used to ensure the patient's adherence to treatment. It has been reported that mandala practice, a form of art therapy, reduces anxiety, fatigue, insomnia and stress. In light of this information, the aim of this study is to assess the effect of mandala practice on psychological adjustment to the disease and treatment, and on quality of life, in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

The Effect of Web-Based Compassion-Focused Structured Writing Programs on Well-Being in Midwives Working in Delivery Rooms

This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effects of a web-based compassion-focused writing program and a reflective writing program on psychological well-being, self-compassion, postpartum trauma-related stress symptoms, and post-traumatic growth in midwives working in delivery rooms.

Effects of Exergaming and Autogenic Relaxation on Psychological Well-Being in Nursing Home Residents

This interventional clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of Antroyun (exergaming) and autogenic relaxation techniques on psychological well-being and life engagement among older adults living in nursing homes. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Antroyun intervention group, autogenic relaxation group, and a control group. Interventions were applied twice per week for eight weeks. The results indicated that both interventions had a significant effect on improving psychological well-being and life engagement. The Antroyun group showed faster and more marked improvements in earlier follow-ups, while the autogenic relaxation group demonstrated sustained benefits in later follow-ups. The control group did not show any significant changes over time. Additionally, in the Antroyun group, the number of game wins was positively correlated with improvements in psychological well-being and life engagement scores. This study was carried out as part of a doctoral dissertation at Sivas Cumhuriyet University.

Efficacy of Vicarious Post-Traumatic Growth Intervention for Nurses in Emergency Units

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of a Vicarious Post-Traumatic Growth (VPTG) Intervention among nurses working in emergency units. Emergency nurses are frequently exposed to traumatic events through patient care, which may contribute to vicarious trauma and psychological distress. The intervention is designed to facilitate positive psychological growth, resilience, adaptive coping, and psychological well-being while reducing the adverse impact of indirect trauma exposure. Participants will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up periods to determine the effectiveness of the intervention in promoting vicarious post-traumatic growth and reducing vicarious trauma among emergency nurses.

The Effect of Pre-Breastfeeding Breathing Exercises on Maternal Anxiety, Well-being, and Infant Stress in Mothers Whose Infants Are in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Aim: This study was conducted to examine the effects of breathing exercises on maternal anxiety, well-being, and infant stress. Materials and Methods: The research was initiated in a hospital in eastern Turkey between November 2024 and November 2026, after obtaining ethical committee and institutional approvals. The study population consisted of mothers whose babies were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of that hospital.The generally available G\*Power 3.1.9.7 for Windows software was used to calculate the sample size. Similar literature studies were referenced when determining the sample size of the research (Shamsdanesh et al., 2023). Furthermore, after the research is completed, a post-hoc power analysis will be performed on the main dependent variable, maternal anxiety level (MAL), to determine the power of the study (approximately 35 experimental, 35 control). The aim of the research is to ensure that the resulting sample size has sufficient statistical power to reveal the effect being examined. The research data is collected using a Demographic Information Form, prepared by the researcher through a literature review, the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Psychological Well-being Scale, and the Neonatal Stress Scale. Mothers perform this exercise three times a day for two days (days 1 and 2), under the supervision of a researcher. The four-square breathing exercise is a non-pharmacological pain reliever that has been shown to be beneficial in conditions other than pain. Each breathing exercise lasts 5-10 minutes. Mothers in the experimental group are given a questionnaire before the start of the study and after the exercise on days 1 and 2. Mothers in the control group are given only a questionnaire before the start of the study, at the end of day 1, and at the end of day 2. Mothers in the control group do not perform the four-square breathing exercise and receive routine hospital care. At the end of both days, mothers in the control group who wish to practice the breathing exercise are given the opportunity to do so.

THE EFFECT OF A BREATHING AND PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION PROGRAM

This non-randomized controlled study evaluates a 10-week breathing and myofascial release program in university athletes. The intervention group receives structured training, while the control group receives only an informational brochure.

Mandala Activity for Anxiety and Emotional and Psychological Well-Being in Adolescents With Siblings With Special Needs

The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate whether a structured mandala activity program can reduce anxiety and improve emotional and psychological well-being in adolescents who have a sibling with special needs. Adolescents in this group may experience emotional difficulties because of the demands and challenges associated with having a sibling who requires special care and support. However, supportive and accessible interventions for these adolescents are limited. In this study, eligible participants will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group will participate in a structured mandala activity program, while the control group will not receive this program during the study period. Anxiety and emotional and psychological well-being will be assessed before and after the intervention using standardized measurement tools. The main question of this study is whether participation in the mandala activity program leads to better mental well-being outcomes compared with the control group. The findings may help determine whether mandala-based activities can be used as a simple, supportive, and non-pharmacological approach for adolescents who have a sibling with special needs.

Menopause, Laughter Therapy, and Well-Being

The intervention will be conducted by Assist. Prof. Dr. Nurten ÖZÇALKAP. No invasive procedures will be performed; participants will engage in deep breathing, warm-up exercises, playful activities, and laughter exercises. The researcher holds an internationally certified training in laughter therapy. Intervention Group Participants will be invited face-to-face, informed about the study, and provide consent. They will be assigned to groups of 8 - 9 and receive laughter yoga twice weekly for a total of 8 sessions (20-40 minutes each) in a suitable hospital or institutional setting. Baseline assessments will include the Introductory Information Form, Brain Fog Scale, Psychological Well-Being Scale, and Sleep Quality Scale. These scales will be re-administered after the 8th session. Control Group Participants will be recruited similarly and provide consent. Baseline assessments will be conducted using the same instruments. Post-test assessments will be performed 4 weeks later. After study completion, control group participants who wish will be offered one session of laughter yoga.

Culturally Familiar Nostalgic VR Cognitive Training for Older Adults

This randomized controlled trial investigates the effects of a nostalgia-based cognitive training intervention delivered via Virtual Reality (VR) on emotional well-being and cognitive functioning among community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) in northern Taiwan, specifically targeting those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia. The study, conducted at National Taiwan Normal University, aims to assess whether engaging older adults in nostalgic VR experiences can enhance nostalgia proneness, life satisfaction, and psychological well-being, while also reducing depressive symptoms and improving cognitive functions. Participants who meet inclusion criteria (aged 65+, capable of communicating in Mandarin or Taiwanese, without severe psychiatric conditions, with sufficient vision/hearing) will be randomly assigned to either the experimental group receiving the "Brain Health Nostalgic VR Program" or a control group engaged in routine weekly activities. Each session, scheduled twice weekly, spans 25-35 minutes in total, including setup, support, and breaks, while the actual VR usage time is 15-25 minutes depending on individual tolerance. Research staff will provide close support and safety monitoring during all sessions. Pre- and post-intervention outcomes will be measured using standardized assessments: Southampton Nostalgia Scale (SNS), Short-Form Life Satisfaction Index (LSI-SF), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), Short-Form Chinese version of Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale (PWB-18), and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Taiwan Version (MoCA-T). The study emphasizes participant safety and data confidentiality throughout its duration. Findings aim to demonstrate VR's potential as a non-invasive, preventive strategy for cognitive decline and mental health enhancement among older populations.

Exploring the Impact of Dementia Prevention Programs Using Robots as Intervention Tools on Community Elderly

The purpose of this study is to intervene in the cognitive functions of the community elderly through the "Robot Dementia Prevention Course" training. It is expected that through the eight-week course design activities, the cognitive functions, social activities, emotional management (such as alleviating depression), well-being, reduce loneliness and can be achieved, thereby preventing or delaying cognitive decline. This study is a quasi-experimental design. It adopts pre-test and post-test methods for the experimental group and the control group. Before the intervention of the "Robotic Dementia Prevention Course", the community elderly were given a pre-test. After receiving an 8-week course (two months), the first post-test will be conducted, and three months later, the second post-test (post-post-test) will be conducted to analyze the delay effect. The experimental group conducted a two-month "Robot Dementia Prevention Course" intervention. The research subjects were 40 people. Each group of 5 people was assigned a Kebbi robot. The course intervention was divided into 8 groups. The Kebbi robot mainly taught and communicated with the elderly interactively. There is a well-trained teaching assistant in the class to enhance the learning effect of the elderly. The two classes per week are about 2 hours long, with 50 minutes of course knowledge introduction, 10 minutes of rest, 50 minutes of interaction with Kebbi Artificial Intelligence-based board games, and 10 minutes of prize-based quizzes after class. They are held once a week, with a total of 8 weeks of courses (duration two months), classes were taken in the elderly's original care center or long-term care base; the control group did not receive any course intervention. Statistical methods were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0, and descriptive statistics, paired t tests, generalized estimating equations, etc. were used to test the changes before and after the intervention.

The Effect of Online Solution- Focused Group Counseling On Adjustment, Psychological Well- Being and Resilience

In this study, the effect of online solution- focused group counseling on adjustment, psychological well- being and resilience in individuals will be examined. The research will be carried out as a randomized controlled experimental study with a pre-test, post- test and follow- up design.

Psychological Well-Being, Depression, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

This prospective cross-sectional observational study aims to explore the relationships among psychological well-being, depression, and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes attending the outpatient metabolic clinic at National Taiwan University Hospital. The study will collect data using standardized instruments, including the EQ-5D Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire, the PHQ-9 Depression Scale, and the Shalom Scale of Psychological Well-Being, along with demographic and clinical variables such as age, sex, education, body mass index, HbA1c, disease duration, and psychosocial support indicators. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analyses, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression modeling will be performed to identify factors associated with psychological well-being. The findings are expected to provide evidence-based insights to inform tailored interventions and improve the mental health and quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes.