Clinical Research Directory

Management of Breast Fibroadenoma: Comparing Observation, Microwave Ablation, and Surgical Excision

The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare three different management strategies for benign breast fibroadenoma: conservative management with clinical and radiological follow-up (observation), ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA), and conventional open surgical excision. Fibroadenoma is the most common benign solid breast tumor in young women. While conventional surgical excision provides complete tissue removal, it may result in visible surgical scars, breast volume loss, and contour deformity. Minimally invasive thermal techniques such as microwave ablation offer potential advantages in tissue preservation and cosmetic satisfaction under local anesthesia. This study aims to assess and compare the therapeutic success, safety, postoperative pain, recovery period, complication rates, and cosmetic outcomes among female patients undergoing these three approaches at Sohag University Hospital.

Medical Imaging and Focused Ultrasound Treatment for Breast Tumors Using Harmonic Motion Imaging (HMI)

This study will investigate Harmonic Motion Imaging guided Focused Ultrasound (HMIgFUS) method for ablation and sonoporation monitoring of breast tumors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of real-time guidance/monitoring and ablation/sonoporation method. The hypothesis behind this proposed study is that High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) can be used to ablate tumor tissue, and microbubble-mediated Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound (LIFU) can be used to sonoporate tumor vasculature. The investigators of this study also hypothesize that HMI can be used to monitor HIFU ablation by measuring the changes in tissue stiffness that occur as a result of thermal ablation, guide LIFU sonoporation and HIFU ablation targeting stiff tumor tissue, and the HMI-monitored stiffness changes during ablation will correlate with post-treatment immune response. The ultimate goals of this study are: first, to assess whether these techniques can be used in the clinic in order to provide a well-monitored, noninvasive tumor ablation/sonoporation method for benign tumors and breast cancers, to minimize side effects due to invasiveness and enhance therapeutic effects of current methods; second, to make full use of the real-time monitoring capability of HMIgFUS for more precise, point-of-care treatment planning to ensure success of ablation/sonoporation and immune activation.

Regional Anesthesia Techniques in Breast Surgery

This clinical trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine and ropivacaine, when administered via paravertebral block, the rhomboid intercostal and subserratus plane (RISS) block, PECS II block, intercostal nerve block, serratus anterior plane block, or epidural block, in patients undergoing breast surgery (including augmentation, fibroadenoma excision, and mastectomy). The primary objectives are to determine: 1. Whether the use of liposomal bupivacaine or ropivacaine reduces the postoperative analgesic requirements in participants. 2. What potential adverse events participants experience when using liposomal bupivacaine or ropivacaine. 3. Which of the following regional anesthesia techniques provides superior analgesia: paravertebral block, RISS block, PECS II block, intercostal nerve block, serratus anterior plane block, or epidural block. Participants will undergo one of the following regional anesthesia techniques upon arrival to the surgical suite: paravertebral block, RISS block, PECS II block, intercostal nerve block, serratus anterior plane block, or epidural block. Following regional anesthesia administration, general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation will be performed. Participants' vital signs, postoperative analgesic consumption, and recovery will be recorded.