Clinical Research Directory

Effects of Bolus Versus Infusion Ketamine During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

This prospective, randomized, controlled study evaluated the effects of different ketamine administration strategies in adult patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Participants were randomized into three groups: bolus ketamine, continuous ketamine infusion, or control without ketamine. The study investigated the effects of these strategies on optic nerve sheath diameter measured by ultrasonography as a surrogate marker of intracranial pressure, intraoperative sevoflurane consumption, and postoperative pain and analgesic requirements.

The Ophthalmic Artery Doppler Evaluation Prior to Labor Induction and Adverse Intrapartum Fetal Outcomes

The ophthalmic artery Doppler has been recently proposed as a potential "soft marker" for placental insufficiency in retrospective and observational studies, with similar clinical significance with respect to Uterine Artery (UA) Doppler evaluation and it is currently being investigated as an adjunctive clinical instrument to predict pre-eclampsia (PE) occurrence. Placental insufficiency strictly correlates with intrapartum fetal adverse outcomes and a concomitant induction of labor, alone, may further increase the hypoxic stress on the fetus during labor. This can be reflected by cardiotocographic alterations during labor, ultimately leading to emergency cesarean deliveries or instrumental vaginal deliveries. Despite great advancements in understanding various maternal-fetal pathologies, the investigators are still not able to properly detect fetuses that are at higher risk for intrapartum compromise among those receiving an induction of labor. Therefore, the aim of this prospective study is to investigate any potential association between altered ophthalmic artery Doppler PSV ratio measured before labor induction in at-term, pregnant patients with intra-partum fetal compromise. Furthermore, the investigators aim to also measure an additional parameter that is the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) - an indirect measure of intracranial pressure - before and after the second stage of labour, with the aim of studying its physiology during and after delivery.

Comparison of Hyperosmolar Agent in Reduction of Increased Intracranial Pressure in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury Using Ultrasonography

The aim of this study to compare the efficacy of hypertonic saline and mannitol in reducing intracranial pressure, as assessed by serial optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) ultrasound measurements, in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Assessment of Optic Sheat Diameter (ONSD) and Eyeball Transverse Diameter (ETD) Ratio Measurement From Ocular Ultrasound

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of different carbon dioxide gas insufflation pressures on the ultrasound-guided optic nerve sheath diameter in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy and to determine the possible relationship between these changes and intracranial pressure. The study aims to gain a better understanding of the neurophysiological effects of gas pressures used during laparoscopic surgery and to obtain scientific data aimed at improving patient safety.

Effect of Pregabalin on Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Craniotomy Patients.

When patients undergo brain tumor removal surgery (craniotomy), the pressure inside the skull may increase, which can lead to brain swelling and slower recovery. Currently, doctors measure this pressure using invasive monitors placed inside the brain, but these are not used for all patients. This study investigates whether a medication called pregabalin, given before surgery, can help reduce pressure inside the skull. Pregabalin is already approved for treating pain, anxiety, and seizures. The study will measure pressure indirectly using a simple, painless ultrasound of the eye (optic nerve sheath diameter), which is a validated non-invasive method to estimate intracranial pressure. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either pregabalin 150 mg or a placebo (inactive pill) on the evening before surgery and again on the morning of surgery. The ultrasound measurement will be taken at four time points: before the first dose, before anesthesia induction, upon arrival to the intensive care unit, and 24 hours after surgery. Researchers will also measure pain levels, medication use, and recovery quality. The goal is to determine if preoperative pregabalin can safely reduce intracranial pressure and improve recovery in craniotomy patients.